| Submission to first decision
(The average time from manuscript submission to desk rejection, direct rejection/acceptance or assignment to the first editor) Note: For manuscripts that fully comply with the journal template. However, this timeframe does not apply to manuscripts with formatting or guideline deficiencies. If a manuscript is returned to the authors for corrections, the administrative review process will restart from the re-submission date. |
3 weeks |
|---|---|
| Submission to decision after review (For papers that are sent to review, the average time from submission to receipt of first editor decision) | 6 weeks |
| Submission to final decision (The average time from manuscript submission to the final editorial decision) | 16 weeks |
| Submission to publication (The average time from acceptance to publication. Manuscript published in early view are also included in this calculation) | 24 weeks |
ACTA Pharmaceutica Sciencia
2023 , Vol 61 , Num 2
The antiproliferative, antimigratory and anticlonogenic effects of Croton membranaceus M?ll. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) hydroethanolic root extract in human 22Rv1 castration-resistant prostate cancer cells
1 Department of Pharmacology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana2 Department of Physiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
3 Department of Herbal Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
DOI : 10.23893/1307-2080.APS6109 Viewed : 9663 - Downloaded : 3363 This study employed the 22Rv1 in vitro model of CRPC to investigate the anticancer effect of the hydroethanolic root extract of Croton membranaceus (CMERE). The effects of CMERE on proliferation, migration and colony forming ability of 22Rv1 cells were studied. Isobologram analysis of combined effect of CMERE and enzalutamide, an androgen receptor blocker, on 22Rv1 proliferation, was also investigated. Lastly, selective cytotoxicity of CMERE was investigated using 22Rv1, BPH1 and THP-1 cells. We could show that CMERE inhibited testosterone-dependent and independent 22Rv1 cell proliferation. Moreover, drug combination studies showed that CMERE and enzalutamide may inhibit 22Rv1 cell proliferation via different mechanisms. Additionally, CMERE at all doses significantly inhibited the migration and colony formation of 22Rv1. Lastly, CMERE was selectively toxic to 22Rv1 and BPH1 cells but not to the non-prostate derived cell line THP-1 monocytelike cells. Thus, CMERE possesses anticancer activity against 22Rv1 CRPC model. Keywords : 22Rv1, castration-resistant prostate cancer, Croton membranaceus, isobologram, selective cytotoxicity